**Lesson Plan: Basic Tech for Junior Secondary 3**
**Topic: Energy Sources - Biogas Production**
**Grade Level:** Junior Secondary 3
**Duration:** 60 minutes
**Objective:**
1. Students will understand the concept of biogas and its importance as a renewable energy source.
2. Students will learn the basic process of biogas production.
3. Students will identify the materials needed for biogas production.
4. Students will appreciate the advantages and potential uses of biogas.
**Materials Needed:**
- Whiteboard and markers
- Projector and computer
- Short video on biogas production
- Samples or pictures of organic waste (e.g., fruit peels, vegetable scraps, and animal manure)
- Handouts with detailed steps of biogas production
- Chart paper and markers for group activities
**Introduction (10 minutes):**
1. Greet the students and briefly review the previous lesson on energy sources.
2. Ask students if they have heard of biogas and its uses. Take a few responses.
3. Introduce today’s topic: Biogas Production, and explain that it is a renewable source of energy derived from organic waste.
**Lesson Development:**
1. **Explanation and Discussion (20 minutes):**
- **Definition and Overview:** (5 minutes)
- Define biogas and explain that it is a mixture of gases, primarily methane, produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic digestion).
- **Process of Biogas Production:** (5 minutes)
- Show a diagram of a typical biogas plant and describe the process:
1. Collection of organic waste.
2. Feeding the waste into the digester.
3. Anaerobic digestion by bacteria.
4. Production of biogas and collection.
5. Use of biogas for cooking, heating, or electricity.
- **Materials Needed:** (10 minutes)
- Discuss the types of organic waste that can be used, such as vegetable scraps, fruit peels, animal manure, and other biodegradable materials.
- Introduce the concept of a biogas digester and its components: inlet tank, digester, outlet tank, and gas storage.
2. **Video Presentation (10 minutes):**
- Show a short video demonstrating the biogas production process in a simple, easy-to-understand manner.
- After the video, ask a few students to summarize the steps they observed.
3. **Group Activity (15 minutes):**
- Divide the class into small groups and give each group a chart paper and markers.
- Ask each group to draw the biogas production process and label each part.
- Once completed, have each group present their chart to the class.
**Conclusion (10 minutes):**
1. Recap the key points discussed: the definition of biogas, the process of production, materials needed, and its uses.
2. Discuss the environmental benefits of using biogas (e.g., reduction in greenhouse gases, waste management).
3. Assign a homework task: Research and write a short paragraph on the benefits of biogas in their community or family.
**Assessment:**
- Participation in discussion and group activity.
- Accuracy and clarity of the process diagram created during the group activity.
- Homework assignment to gauge individual understanding.
**Closure:**
Thank the students for their participation, remind them of the importance of renewable energy sources, and encourage them to think of ways they can contribute to sustainable practices in their daily lives.